police use of force research paper

Some people believe that the police should employ any effective methods. According to Nielsen (2014), “excited delirium syndrome is defined as delirium coupled with extreme agitation” (p. 1). A typical example of this occurs when police respond to a man with a gun call. This research paper identified classic occupational templates of the police use of force in an effort to identify context within which the excessive use of force may be considered. Thus, rather than representing the product of malice or the inclination to “punish,” unnecessary force generally results from police officer’s professional incompetence. They might arrive on the scene to find an agitated man pacing in his front yard with a pistol in hand. In abolishing this practice – which was known as the “fleeing felon rule” – the Court reasoned that using deadly force to apprehend a person suspected of having committed a felony, but who seemed to pose no imminent threat to life – constituted an unreasonable seizure of the person under the Fourth Amendment. (2014). Controversial police use-of-force incidents have spurred protests and calls for reform across the nation. The exact wording of the force factor used in this particular paper was derived from Terrill et al. Sage, Beverly Hills Kubrin C, Weitzer R (2003) Retaliatory homicide: concentrated disadvantage and neighborhood culture. Whereas police officers usually have little or no cause to use coercion against know nothings, and they generally use coercion only as necessary to control and/or gain the compliance of suspicious persons, they may use coercion – i.e., force – against those labeled assholes as a retaliatory mechanism to redress an affront to an officer’s authority (Van Maanen 1978). In Los Angeles, the Christopher Commission assigned to investigate patterns of excessive violence in the LAPD in the wake of the 1991 beating of motorist Rodney King identified a “siege mentality” that was prevalent among officers of that department (Independent Commission 1991, p. 95). Several classic police scholars have developed occupational templates to help describe the circumstances under which some police officers engage in brutality. You can use our professional writing services to buy a custom research paper on any topic and get your high quality paper at affordable price. Several articles reveal the high level of dissatisfaction with the police methods among people with mental problems. Rodney King had broken a primary subcultural rule in policing: When initially contacted by the team of California Highway Patrol officers who attempted to stop his vehicle for speeding on Interstate 210 in the San Fernando Valley area of Los Angeles, he failed to pull over for them. In doing so, the driver of the pickup truck left the officer with two categories of choice: (1) make a tactical retreat, perhaps to his vehicle where he could have radioed for a supervisor to join him at the scene in an effort to avoid the use of force; and (2) increase the dosage of coercion in order to secure the driver’s compliance. Muir, for example, identified one “professional” officer among those he studied who was highly communicative and restrained in virtually all street encounters except when he responded to sexual or domestic assaults against female victims. The appropriate use of force occurs when police officers use physical coercion that is proportional to a suspect’s resistance to gain compliance and/or diffuse a violent or potentially violent encounter. !” That is, although it is possible to mobilize the government without using the police, it is often not feasible to do so. In contrast to the professionals were the “enforcers:” Officers who had the highest propensity to use excessive force against suspects because they (1) generally lacked the capacity to fathom the often “tragic” conditions that characterized the lives of many people they encountered, and (2) were quick to resort to violence when they perceived minimal threats to their safety or when they felt compelled to assert police authority. On non-lethal uses of force, blacks and Hispanics are more than fifty percent more likely to experience some form of force in interactions with police. We pursue this by conducting a content analysis of use of force polices from the twenty largest U.S. cities by population. ), often for their stated positions on certain issues, such as violent crime, fear of crime, urban disorder, etc. The studies explored a variety of topics, ranging from media coverage of force to characteristics of deadly force encounters and many issues in between. Toch (1996) argued that for the purposes of controlling police violence, field training officers were instrumental in bridging the gap for new officers between the messages they received in the training academy and the messages they received from their peers once on the street. Indeed, most police officers are trained to control many suspects – whether armed or not – from a safe distance, often via the threat or use of chemical spray, a conductive energy device (e.g., Taser), or a firearm. Violent incidents in Los Angeles (1965 and 1992), Detroit (1967), Chicago (1968), Liberty City-Miami (1980), Cincinnati (2001) – even Tulsa in 1921 – were not so much riots as they were urban rebellions. "Police Force in Interactions with Mentally Ill." IvyPanda, 24 Dec. 2020, ivypanda.com/essays/police-force-in-interactions-with-mentally-ill/. Muir (1977) noted that, unlike the professionals, enforcers usually lacked the communication skills necessary to de-escalate and/or otherwise avoid the need to use force in certain circumstances. New York University Press, New York, Kerner Commission (1968) Report of the National Advisory Commission on civil disorders. The Commission, Los Angeles, Jacob H (1971) Black and white perceptions of justice in the city. It may be that Muir’s findings hold primarily for postindustrial port cities with large urban African-American populations that live predominantly in poverty conditions, socially isolated from the larger urban matrix. Although post-riot analyses generally concluded that poor living conditions and the social marginalization of African-Americans in Los Angles represented the root causes of the Watts riot (e.g., California Governor’s Commission on the Los Angeles Riots 1965), some researchers concluded that years of police abuse and brutality in Los Angeles – particularly during the tenure of Police Chief William H. Parker, during which the LAPD transformed into highly aggressive paramilitary police force – was largely responsible for the riot (Skolnick and Fyfe). Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, Fyfe J (1979) Administrative interventions on police shooting discretion: an empirical examination. Police Officer Use of Deadly Force. Kane attributed this relationship to the same processes driving Kurbin and Weitzer’s (2003) findings: As residents of socially/economically marginalized communities perceived increases in police abuses, they likely ceased sharing crime-related intelligence with authorities, allowing violent crimes to occur that may have been otherwise prevented. These perspectives try to account for police-suspect interactions, the police working environment, and dangers therein; while others locate the causes in the personalities of the officers, or the agencies in which they work. In: Manning PK, Van Maanen J (eds) Policing: a view from the street. In the broader and more extreme sense, generations of police abuse, including unchecked or redressed brutality, may lead to urban violence. This framework is so-named for the colloquial usage of the term by police officers as a shorthand for suspects who – through speech or gesture – “deny” a police officer’s “definition” of the power structure that characterizes their interactions with the public – namely, that officers are in charge. In the “everyday” sense, citizen’s noncompliance may manifest in the form of people failing to readily yield to police authority during traffic stops and stopand-frisk events – both of which may create a context of hostility and distrust on the part of the police and members of the public. Kubrin and Weitzer (2003) were among the first researchers to find social scientific evidence supporting the above arguments. Police Officer Use of Deadly Force Research Paper. For present purposes, Herbert notes that normative orders – such as law and safety or law and competence – may conflict with one another as officers use their coercive authority to satisfy one normative order (e.g., competence), perhaps at the expense of another (e.g., law or bureaucratic control). Importantly – and as shown in Incident #2 – when officers label a suspect an asshole, and to the extent that the officers use brutality to redress the affront, they often do so to impose police authority typically at the expense of formal sanctioning (e.g., arrest). Perhaps this is why excessive force, or brutality, often seems to occur unchecked in communities that are unable to advocate for themselves, making it difficult to hold police officers accountable for the use of unauthorized violence. The improvement of a national reporting system on the other suffered a hyperextended knee help draw! Paper on police force in Interactions with mentally Ill. Retrieved from https:.... 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